Air-heating furnace



(No Mbdel.) l 2 Smets-sheet 1; V. BUDE.

AIR HEATING PURNAGE. No. 258,011?. y Patented May 1.6 1882,.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet' 2.

V. BUDE.

AIB. HEATING FURNAGE. No.'258,0l7. Patented Mayl, 1882.

N. PETERS. Plnwuxhagupher. wnmngton. D. C.

j'UNITED'S1-*Arles PATENT OFFICE.

VOLUSIN BUDE, OFEAST SAGINAW, MICHIGAN.

AlR-HEATING FuRNAcE.

` seEc'IFIcATIoN forming part ef Letters Patent Ne. 258,017, dated Mey `1e, 188e.

` Appneetien sied April 25,1881. (No model.)

y .To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, VOLUSIN BUDE, a citizen of the wUnited States, residing at East Saginaw, in the county of Saginaw and State of Michigan, have invented' a new and Intiproved Air-Heating Furnace, of which the following is aspecication.

My invention relates to an air-heating furnace which is provided with a central annular grate and lire-chamber inclosing a central airduct, andalso with a series of concentric radiating walls, forming a series of concentric air-ducts surrounding the lire-chamber.

My invention further relates to the mixture of volumes of air heated to al high temperature by `contact with aseries of radiating-surfaces with a volume of air heated to a less degree by similar radiation, and to the apparatus whereby this result is attained.

My invention further relates to the storage and moistening of bodies of air heated as above mentioned.

My invention further relates to the formation of smoke-tight joints, whereby the contamination of the pure heated air, due to the escape of smoke and gas fromjthc nre-chambers and connecting lues, isprevented 5 also, to certain details of construction, ashcreinafter set forth.

a furnace having a centralair-duct formed by To the above ends my invention consists of the interior walls of the surrounding ash-pit and fire-chamber. This passage contracts in areaior about half its vertical height, at which point it begins to expand in area vertically to its top. By this means the ascending current of air is at first compressed, which aids materially in its thorough heating, and then said air is allowed to expand in the remainder of its ascent. Surrounding this central air-duct is a circular nre-chamber, containing a correspondingly-shaped grate. The lower half of this chamber is formed of a gradually-increasing area from the bottom upward, at which point the area of said chamber gradually decreases to its top. By this arrangement a thorough consumption of the products of combustion is produced in the chamber above the lire. The air-duct surrounding and immediately contiguous to the exterior wall of the fire-chamber is similarly arranged, as to coni tracting and expanding areas, to the interior air-duct, with this difference, that the outer wall of said duct is straight while its inner wall alone has the angular form described. The external duct is of equal areathroughout, its walls being perpendicular, as the volume of air therein is to be only slightly heated. Upon jacket. This troughis constantly supplied from without the furnace, andthe vapor arising from said trough, due to the high temperature within the furnace, is absorbed by the air which is thus impregnated with'moisture.

In order that my invention may be more thoroughly understood, I will proceed to describe its construction, with reference `to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is an elevation, partly in section, of vthe furnace and its foundation-walls.. Fig. 2 is a plan view of thelower part of the furnace on the line h h of Fig. l, showing the base-plate and its relative position. Fig. 3 is a plan view, partly in section,one half being on the line It. lt and the otherhalfon the line h" It of Fig. l. FigA: is avertical section of the fire-chamber head, one of the conical connecting-pipes, with its connections, and the central stack. Fig. 5 is a detached view of the shaker-wheel and a portion of the grate. Fig. 6 is a dctached view, invertical section, of a portion of the outer wall of the nre-chamber, showing its smoke-tight joint. Fig. 7 is a detached view, in vertical section, of a portion of the inner wall of the fire-chamber, showing its smoke-tight joint. Fig. 8 is a detached view, partlyin horiA zontal section, of the lire-pot, showing its fore mation. Fig. 9 is a plan view of a portion of the annular perforated brace-plate.

The furnace is built over a central `horizontal air-duct formed bythe wall d and upper and lower courses, a c, all of which are placed in the earth, as shown at` e.` Within the airduct thus formed are placed a suitable num-I ber of piers or supports, d, resting at their lower ends on the layer c of masonry and at their upper ends supporting the base-plate A, which also rests upon the top ot wall d. This platel is annular in form, (constructed either of one piece or in sections,) and is provided with openings A' for the admission of air to the ccntral and surrounding vertical ducts of the furnace. It also forms the closed bottom or floor of the ash-pit C. B/ B, form the supportsfor the grate F, and also for the walls of the fire-chamber. Above the ash-pit C is the grate F, which is of annular form, and is composed of a number of sections of such size as to be removed through the furnace-doors. This grate rests at its inner portion on top ofthe wall B of the ash-pit and at its outer portion on a supportin g-rin g, E, which in turn rests on the wall B of said ash-pit, the body of' said grate being formed of a series of radial bars, with elongated openings between them. In theash-pit, just below the grate F, is a toothed shaker-wheel, k,.

which is mounted upon a horizontal shaft journaled in the walls of the pit, its outer portion passing through a sleeve, Y, on the outer jacket of the furnace, and terminating at its outer end in a square head adapted to enter the eye of a crank-arm. The teeth of this wheel 7c mesh into the open spaces between the grate-bars, -so that by rotating the wheel the grate is caused to turn on its supports. Two or more openings communicating with the ash-pit maybe made in the walls of the furnace, said openings being provided with hinged doors D, with draft-openings therein in customary manner.

The central air-duct, W, of the furnace is formed by the lower and upper conical sections, H H. The lower section, H, rests upon a shoulder or rabbet in the upper end of the grate-supporter B, and extends obliquely upward,inclining inward, to its point of juncture with the section H. The said section H rests upon and overlaps the top of section H, and extends obliquely upward with an opposite inclination to that of the lower section, H. The lap-joint of the sections H and H is made tight by a ring,J, which embraces the outside of section H and binds the meeting edges of the two sections closely together. The sections H H also form the inner wall of the combustion-chamber, the outer wall of which is formed by the lower and upper sections, H H. The lower section rests upon a rabbet in the supporting-ringE, and extends obliquely1 upward, with an outward inclination, to yits point of juncture with the upper section, H". TheV upper section, H, rests upon and overlaps the top of lower section, H, and extends obliquely upward, with an inward inclination, the opposite of that of' the lower section, H. The lap-joint of these two sections is made tight by a ring, I', which embraces the outside of section H", and binds the meeting edges of the two sections closely together. Thelower section, H", is composed of a suitable number The outer and inner walls,

of T-shaped sections, m m, with tongue-audgroove joints, bound together by a ring, I, embracing their outer ends. This construction is shown in Fig. 8, and while it is especially applicable to the furnace herein described, it is also applicable to the fire-pots of stoves and furnaces generally. I propose to le a separate application for Letters Patent for this construction in its general application to stoves and furnaces, and I- hereby reserve to myself this right. At their upper ends the two upper sections, H' H, support an annular radiator-head,K, the two flanges of which embrace at the open side of the head K, andwhen pressed up into position its edges come in contact with the sides of the sections H H", forcing them outward and making a tight joint between their opposite faces and the inner faces of the ianges of head K. Said plate is secured'in position, and its pressure on sections H Hll maintained by screw-bolts y, passed through openings in the head K, and through similar openings or eyes, r', in said plate, to the lower screw-threaded ends of which nuts are attached and screwed up tight against the lower face ot' plate M.

The radiator-head K is formed with openings, surrounded by collars L, eight or more in number, over which fit the lower ends of conical pipes N, of which there are a corresponding number, and these pipes, extending obliquely upward, are received at their upper ends by collars Q on the bottom of the stack O, said collars passing overthe ends of pipes N. This stack O has an annular flange, B, upon its outer side to which the top X of the furnace is riveted, a tight joint being formed by a ring or washer, R', placed above the top X.

Surrounding the outer wall of the fire-chamber is the middle radiating-wall, T, a space being left between the two, forming an air-duct, W. This wall T is a plumb vertical wall and extends up to a level with the lower edge of the deflector-plate U on the outer jacket of the furnace. Surrounding' this wall T is the jacket T', sufficient space being left between them toA form the air-duct W. This jacket extends vertically upward to the top X, to the outer edge of which it is riveted, said edge being turned down upon the outside of the jacket.

At a point level with the top of the middle wall, T, and upon the inner side of the jacket T', is a deflector, V. This deflector is concave on its lower face and convex on its upper face, the line of curvature being transverse of its IZO length. It extends entirely around the inside of the furnace-jacket and projects inwardly therefrom a distance about equal to the width of the air-duct W. Upon the upper side of the deiiector U, and resting in the angle formed at its point of contact with the jacket, is the vaporizer V, which is a U-shapedtrough, of castiron, extending entirely arou'nd the inside of the furnace. It is kept constantly supplied with water, and the vapor therefrom is absorbed by the heated air in the chamber above the deflector.

The top of the furnace is provided with collars Z, surrounding openings in said top, and adapted to receive hot-air pipes ramfying throughout the building. These collars Z may open from the sides of the furnace iu cases where the roof is not enough higher than the furnace to admit of their bein g placed as shown.

Suitable doors, S S' and D D', of which there may be any suitable number, will of course be provided, suitable openings being made in the jacket and radiating-surfaces for their accommodation, and jambs a t' t" will be attached to the jacket and walls in the customary manner.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an airlheatin g furnace, the annular firechamber G, constructed as described, in combination with the base-plate A, provided with openings A', and resting on the supportingpiersb and wall d, the central air-passage,W", formed by the oppositely-inclined Walls H H', the'air-passage W', formed by the oppositelyinclined sections H" H' and vertical annular Wall T, and the air-passageWformed bythe annular vertical wall T and jacket T', said jacket being provided with the deflectorU and trough V, substantially as and for the purposes set' forth. f

2. In an air-heatin g furnace, the annular firechamber G, formed of the outwardly-inclined sections H H", resting upon the annular supporting-Walls B B', with the interposed ring E, the upwardly-inclined sections H' H", provided with rings I' J, and united at their upper ends by radiator-head K and annular plate M, said plate being provided with openiugsp and holes r', and the bolts fr, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. 4

3. In an air-heating furnace, the annular rechamber G, constructed as described, and provided Wth the plate M and radiator-head 'K, having collars L, in combination with the conical pipes N, the stack O, provided with collars Q, annular flan ge B, and flange ring or Washer RQ the furnace-top X, and jacket T', substantially as set forth.

4. In an air-heating furnace,the combination `of the sections H H' H" H' with the rings IJ,

substantially as described.

5. In an air-heating furnace, the sections H' H"', in combination with radiator-head K, having collars L, plate M, provided with openingsp and holes 1^', and bolts 1', substantially as set forth.

6. In an air-heatingfurnace, the grate F, composed of a series of radial bars with radial openings between said bars, the rinig E and wall B B', in combination with the shakerwheel 7c, shaft l, and wall T T', the latter Wall, T', being provided with the sleeve Y, .substantially as specified.

VOLUSI-N BUDE.

Witnesses:

Guo. B. BROOKS, FRIEDRICH WAGNER. 

